In August 2017, Trump announced a new U.S. strategy for Afghanistan. The new strategy is not a fundamental replacement of the U.S. Afghan strategy. Its basic goals and approaches have not changed substantially from the Obama administration’s new Afghan strategy. The differences are mainly at the level of strategy and operation. However, in the political construction of Afghanistan, Trump’s strategy has put forward some new ideas. Trump’s new Afghanistan strategy has pros and cons for China. China and the United States lack the basis for strategic long-term cooperation in Afghanistan, but the two countries can carry out specific problem- and goal-oriented cooperation.